Caulking is all about sealing and plugging holes. Wherever there are gaps or crevices, the area may be caulked with an effective sealant or fibrous material. In olden days, when there would be proverbial hole in a bucket or boat, they would seal it with ceramics or water-repelling substances.

Now, in building, materials like silicone are used in construction to allow good insulation and making airlocks. This is also used to make rooms soundproof. Sometimes, one could heal problems in bridges by caulking steel or other metals. Riveting is an alternative method although not all materials are prone to being riveted.

You may try construction sealants, grout stains laced with adhesives or home remedies for strong caulking. Earlier, even polythene was used and placed in concrete to ensure no lag in space, but now other carbon compounds are being mooted for this purpose. Caulking is also pretty effective in reducing expense of energy.